The state of science around 1700
The Newtonian Paradigm (or World View):
- What is the world made of?
- Particles - objects that have mass.
- What Happens in the World?
- Forces cause particles to move in accordance with Newton’s Laws of Motion.
Determinism
- Everything is determined !
- Universe acts like a giant machine, a giant clock with every part obeying precise laws
(The second law of thermodynamics was not yet formulated)