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Summary

• The last part of classical physics - after Newton
• Electricity and Magnetism
• The first great American Scientist - Franklin - many important conlusions BEFORE the Europeans
• Electric Charge and Force
• Two kinds of charge: like charges repel, unlike charges attract (Franklin, 1751)
• Demonstrations of electric force: fur, rods, electroscope and pith ball
• Coulomb Force: F = K q1q2 / R²
• MUCH stronger than gravitational forces
• Then how can gravitational forces be so important
• Magnetic effects and Force
• There is NO magnetic charge. Always have north and south ends of a magnet.
• Created by charges in motion (currents)
• Force on a charge is proportional to its velocity perpendicular to the magnetic field
• Demonstrations of magnetic forces due to currents
• Fields – new idea in Newtonian physics
• Extend through space - cause forces on other charges
• Electric Fields: created by electric charges
• Magnetic Fields: created by electric charges in motion
• Electric Fields and Magnetic Fields are not independent of one another.
  A changing magnetic field generates an electric field and a changing electric field generates a magnetic field.
• Next Time: Review before exam
• Exam covers March Ch. 1-5, Lightman, Ch. 1-2 and added material given in class