Project

# Title Team Members TA Documents Sponsor
26 Network Power For Automobile
 Akash Chandra
Constantin Legras
Dhruv Kulgod
 Matthew Qi design_document1.pdf
final_paper1.pdf
photo1.png
photo2.png
presentation1.pdf
proposal1.pdf
# Network Power For Automobile

Team Members:
- Akash Chandra (akashc3)
- Constantin Legras (clegras2)
- Dhruv Kulgod (dkulgod2)

# Problem

We were inspired by number 28 from the ECE power project ideas page and the work on UIUC’s electric Formula SAE team, IEM.
Automobiles contain complicated wire harnesses. In place of this complexity, manufacturers are trying to move to a “one power one communication” arrangement in which all control and conversion is local.

However, all components on a car cannot run on the same voltage. For example, the IEM car contains components running at 3.3V, 5V, 12V, and 24V! While some of these voltage conversions are handled on PCBs themselves, there are still many different voltages that have to be run through the wire harness. This need is due to the various devices (notably sensors, actuators, cooling/heating devices) that are present on cars. Trends towards increased safety and self driving in the automotive industry mean that the number of such devices will only increase in the coming years.

# Solution

This project involves the design of a multiple-output power supply that can handle an input range of about +11V to +15V, thereby serving a range of vehicular platforms running at various LV voltages. Our project will support four simultaneous power rails. Each rail can be configured to one of the following output levels: 3.3V, 5V, 12V and 24V. This creates a single versatile product that can be modified for the specific needs of each use case.

There will be an external backplane that houses an MCU, and a power PCB that will house the power electronics. The backplane will contain the power input, power output, and the CAN connection to the rest of the car.

There will be two variants of the power PCB: one serving the 3.3 - 5V range and another serving the 12 - 24V range. Each power PCB will contain the power electronics to buck or boost the voltage, talk to the MCU over a digital protocol, and share voltage and current usage to the MCU. The power PCBs will slot into the backplane. This will allow users to run multiple outputs simultaneously without worrying about heat generation affecting the other units. This design also allows us to quickly replace dead units without needing to redo the entire project. The two variants will have similar design, differing only in ICs and inductances.

## Backplane

We will use an MCU on this PCB to control the whole project. We will use a CAN transceiver to talk to the rest of the car. There will also be programmable termination for the CAN bus.

Relays on the outputs will ensure the output voltage is not prematurely connected to the load and the unit can be disconnected from loads in an event of a short.

To step down the voltage for the MCU, we will use LDOs to generate 5V and 3.3V rails for the ICs on the backplane. There will also be a voltage reference to provide the STM with accurate analog reference to measure the thermistors on the power PCBs. There will be a low pass filter with op amps on the back plane to help remove any switching noise from the measurement.

There will be a digital isolator to allow the MCU to communicate with digital IO for a digital enable signal or an alarm signal output.

### Backplane Solution Components

Parts used:
1. TCAN1044AEVDRQ1 - CAN transceiver
2. 744235900 - CAN Choke
3. TVS Diodes (CAN) - DIODE-SOT23_PESD1CAN
4. CPC1017N - Solid state relay used for programmable termination
5. ISO6721-Q1 - Digital Isolator
6. STM32F4 - MCU
7. J1031C5VDC.15S - Relay
8. REF20-Q1 - Voltage reference for the STMs ADCs used for the power PCB thermistors
9. BCS-110-F-D-TE - Card connector
10. LM2902LVQDRQ1 - Op Amp
11. 3413.0328.22 - SMD input fuse, 10A
12. SPX1117M3-L-3-3/TR - 3.3V LDO
13. SPX1117M3-L-5-0/TR - 5V LDO
14. MPSS-08-16-L-12.00-SR - Backplane to car connector

## Power PCB

This will house the DC-DC controller, switches, and the voltage and current sensing chips needed to buck or boost the voltage to the level commanded from the microcontroller.

There will be a thermistor on the PCB to allow for temperature monitoring on the power PCBs for safety and protection.

### Power PCB Solution Components

1. LT8253 - Buck-Boost controller IC
2. INA780B - Current shunt & Voltage sensing
3. INFINEON IPZ40N04S5L-4R8 - Switches
4. COILCRAFT XAL8080-682ME - Main inductor
5. NCU15XH103F6SRC - Thermistor
6. TSW-110-08-F-D-RA - Edge connector

# Criteria For Success

1. Supply 3.3V, 5V, 12V and 24V rails at 2A per rail for 1 hour with no chip above 100 C
2. Have a voltage ripple of only 5% on the power rails under a 1A load
3. Have a current ripple of 5% under a 1A load
4. MCU sends power usage data over CAN
5. Use CAN to change the voltage level of the power modules

Autonomous Sailboat

Riley Baker, Arthur Liang, Lorenzo Rodriguez Perez

Autonomous Sailboat

Featured Project

# Autonomous Sailboat

Team Members:

- Riley Baker (rileymb3)

- Lorenzo Pérez (lr12)

- Arthur Liang (chianl2)

# Problem

WRSC (World Robotic Sailing Championship) is an autonomous sailing competition that aims at stimulating the development of autonomous marine robotics. In order to make autonomous sailing more accessible, some scholars have created a generic educational design. However, these models utilize expensive and scarce autopilot systems such as the Pixhawk Flight controller.

# Solution

The goal of this project is to make an affordable, user- friendly RC sailboat that can be used as a means of learning autonomous sailing on a smaller scale. The Autonomous Sailboat will have dual mode capability, allowing the operator to switch from manual to autonomous mode where the boat will maintain its current compass heading. The boat will transmit its sensor data back to base where the operator can use it to better the autonomous mode capability and keep track of the boat’s position in the water. Amateur sailors will benefit from the “return to base” functionality provided by the autonomous system.

# Solution Components

## On-board

### Sensors

Pixhawk - Connect GPS and compass sensors to microcontroller that allows for a stable state system within the autonomous mode. A shaft decoder that serves as a wind vane sensor that we plan to attach to the head of the mast to detect wind direction and speed. A compass/accelerometer sensor and GPS to detect the position of the boat and direction of travel.

### Actuators

2 servos - one winch servo that controls the orientation of the mainsail and one that controls that orientation of the rudder

### Communication devices

5 channel 2.4 GHz receiver - A receiver that will be used to select autonomous or manual mode and will trigger orders when in manual mode.

5 channel 2.4 GHz transmitter - A transmitter that will have the ability to switch between autonomous and manual mode. It will also transfer servos movements when in manual mode.

### Power

LiPo battery

## Ground control

Microcontroller - A microcontroller that records sensor output and servo settings for radio control and autonomous modes. Software on microcontroller processes the sensor input and determines the optimum rudder and sail winch servo settings needed to maintain a prescribed course for the given wind direction.

# Criterion For Success

1. Implement dual mode capability

2. Boat can maintain a given compass heading after being switched to autonomous mode and incorporates a “return to base” feature that returns the sailboat back to its starting position

3. Boat can record and transmit servo, sensor, and position data back to base

Project Videos