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# Title Team Members TA Documents Sponsor
59 Automatic Titration System
 Jack Viebrock
Jason Flanagan
Matthew Weyrich
 Selva Subramaniam design_document2.pdf
final_paper1.pdf
photo1.heic
photo2.heic
presentation1.pptx
proposal2.pdf
video
# Automatic Titration System
## Team Members:
- Jack Viebrock (Jackav3)
- Jason Flanagon (Jasonpf2)
- Matthew Weyrich (Weyrich4)
## Problem
Titration is a time-consuming process that can introduce large amounts of error from the manual procedure, such as improper burette reading, accidental extra analyte added, and guessing on the endpoint with a color indicator. Automatic titration systems can help reduce this error but cost over $3,000, restricting their application to wealthy labs.
## Solution
We will create a lower-cost automatic titration system to bridge this gap in the market to make it affordable to have high-quality titration data accuracy over manual methods

## Solution Components:
### Subsystem 1: Sensors
PH Module Probe Detection and Acquisition Monitoring Control Industrial Inspection Tool PH014 PH Electrode Probe: Amazon.com: Industrial & Scientific
(https://www.amazon.com/Detection-Acquisition-Monitoring-Industrial-Inspection/dp/B08XMBGCM8/ref=asc_df_B08XMBGCM8/?tag=hyprod-20&linkCode=df0&hvadid=675719866680&hvpos=&hvnetw=g&hvrand=3781607236679164999&hvpone=&hvptwo=&hvqmt=&hvdev=c&hvdvcmdl=&hvlocint=&hvlocphy=1016367&hvtargid=pla-2246775686040&psc=1&mcid=c6b1279b2a033a4ebc0bcac78d93f067 )

The titration system will not need the use of an indicator. To determine the amount of titrate to add to the solution, a pH sensor will be used. This sensor will connect to microcontroller, indicating the current acidity of the solution on a scale of 0-14, where 7 is the base value.
### Subsystem 2: Power System
We will be using an AC (120V, 60Hz) wall to DC (dependent on final components and circuits) adapter, additionally we will need to use dc-to-dc adapters for the varying dc voltages needed for the varying subsystem devices including the microcontroller (5.5V), stepping motor (2.8V). With those dc-to-dc converters, we can make our own PCBs or order prefabricated devices to perform the conversion. If time permits, we may dive into a battery system to support portability.
### Subsystem 3: Control
PIC PIC® 18F Microcontroller IC 8-Bit 48MHz 32KB (16K x 16) FLASH 28-SOIC
The microcontroller will be taking the live output voltage from the pH sensors and will control the speed and precision of the titrate pump accordingly. The microcontroller will also be in-charge of starting and ending the pump when the start button is pressed. Volume amounts per step of the motor will be pre-determined and calibrated so the microcontroller can determine volume.
### Subsystem 4: Motor
Our implementation of an automatic titration system will imitate a burette by using a syringe driver, which is a stepper motor and linear actuator to precisely administer titrant with a syringe. The motor will need to be connected to the PCB so it can be controlled through the microcontroller. This is a potential stepper motor we could use: Buy 17N19S1684MB-200RS Nema 17 Non-captive Linear Stepper Motor Actuator 48mm Stack 1.8 Deg 1.68A Lead 8mm/0.31496" Lead Screw 200mm Online - Oyostepper.com (https://www.oyostepper.com/goods-1162-Nema-17-Non-captive-Linear-Stepper-Motor-Actuator-48mm-Stack-168A-Lead-8mm031496-Length-200mm.html) which has 0.04 mm lead/step to allow us to compress the syringe exactly. The syringe will then be attached to a plastic tube with a pointed end to minimize drop size, thus further increasing precision on titrant dispense.
### (Stretch Goal) Subsystem 5: Display of Data with Graph
The main data output to user will be a live reading of the pH, but this stretch goal will display a common graph used in titrations is called a “titration curve”. If we can fit it in the budget and time constraints, we will add this functionality to display this graph.
Amazon.com: Treedix 3.5 inch TFT LCD Display 320 x 480 Color Screen Module Compatible with Arduino UNO R3 Mega2560 : Electronics (https://www.amazon.com/Treedix-Display-Screen-Arduino-Mega2560/dp/B0872S57HG?source=ps-sl-shoppingads-lpcontext&ref_=fplfs&psc=1&smid=A22NPL1KB8AOV0 )
An Arduino Uno will be used along with an LCD display to show the current pH of the solution. A live graph will be created using the Arduino Serial Plotter to visually show the live data from the pH sensors.

## Criterion For Success
(For safety with demos, we can do a food-safe vinegar titration to avoid any harmful chemicals)
- Primary Success: Repeat titration with only 0.5% deviation between measurements
- Secondary Success: Provide a decrease in 30% of time taken over a manual titration.

Recovery-Monitoring Knee Brace

Dong Hyun Lee, Jong Yoon Lee, Dennis Ryu

Featured Project

Problem:

Thanks to modern technology, it is easy to encounter a wide variety of wearable fitness devices such as Fitbit and Apple Watch in the market. Such devices are designed for average consumers who wish to track their lifestyle by counting steps or measuring heartbeats. However, it is rare to find a product for the actual patients who require both the real-time monitoring of a wearable device and the hard protection of a brace.

Personally, one of our teammates ruptured his front knee ACL and received reconstruction surgery a few years ago. After ACL surgery, it is common to wear a knee brace for about two to three months for protection from outside impacts, fast recovery, and restriction of movement. For a patient who is situated in rehabilitation after surgery, knee protection is an imperative recovery stage, but is often overlooked. One cannot deny that such a brace is also cumbersome to put on in the first place.

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Solution:

Our group aims to make a wearable device for people who require a knee brace by adding a health monitoring system onto an existing knee brace. The fundamental purpose is to protect the knee, but by adding a monitoring system we want to provide data and a platform for both doctor and patients so they can easily check the current status/progress of the injury.

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Audience:

1) Average person with leg problems

2) Athletes with leg injuries

3) Elderly people with discomforts

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Equipment:

Temperature sensors : perhaps in the form of electrodes, they will be used to measure the temperature of the swelling of the knee, which will indicate if recovery is going smoothly.

Pressure sensors : they will be calibrated such that a certain threshold of force must be applied by the brace to the leg. A snug fit is required for the brace to fulfill its job.

EMG circuit : we plan on constructing an EMG circuit based on op-amps, resistors, and capacitors. This will be the circuit that is intended for doctors, as it will detect muscle movement.

Development board: our main board will transmit the data from each of the sensors to a mobile interface via. Bluetooth. The user will be notified when the pressure sensors are not tight enough. For our purposes, the battery on the development will suffice, and we will not need additional dry cells.

The data will be transmitted to a mobile system, where it would also remind the user to wear the brace if taken off. To make sure the brace has a secure enough fit, pressure sensors will be calibrated to determine accordingly. We want to emphasize the hardware circuits that will be supplemented onto the leg brace.

We want to emphasize on the hardware circuit portion this brace contains. We have tested the temperature and pressure resistors on a breadboard by soldering them to resistors, and confirmed they work as intended by checking with a multimeter.

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