Project

# Title Team Members TA Documents Sponsor
67 Toothbrush Alarm
Carl Xu
Eric Lin
Laurenz Nava
Zicheng Ma design_document2.pdf
final_paper1.pdf
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presentation1.pdf
proposal2.pdf
video1.mp4
video
# Toothbrush Alarm

Team Members:
- Eric Lin (yulin4)
- Carl Xu (zx32)
- Laurenz Nava (lfnava2)

# Problem

Waking up early in the morning is a challenge that many people face, and conventional alarms often fail to provide an effective solution. Despite setting multiple alarms, people find themselves consistently oversleeping, waking up significantly later than intended. This issue can lead to a range of negative consequences, including disrupted daily schedules, reduced productivity, and increased stress. Traditional alarms tend to lack the ability to ensure that a person not only wakes up but also gets out of bed and starts their day. This is particularly problematic for those with a heavy sleeping pattern or a habit of snoozing alarms.

# Solution

To address this issue, our idea is to create a Toothbrush Alarm. The concept involves an alarm that persists until you get up and spend, for example, 3 minutes brushing your teeth. Once the toothbrushing routine is complete, the alarm automatically stops. This not only ensures a timely wake-up but also promotes a refreshed start to the day after engaging in the morning teeth-cleaning ritual.

# Solution Components

## Subsystem 1 – Toothbrush Dock

The dock will sense the proximity of the toothbrush, and how long the user’s been brushing their teeth. Once the user picks the toothbrush up and puts it down after more than 3 minutes, it will tell the alarm to turn off.

The dock will contain our PCB board to control the whole system.
Multiple pressure sensors are contained in a shape that perfectly matches the bottom of the toothbrush to detect if the toothbrush is docked.

The sensors will be at the bottom and side to ensure the object docked is the toothbrush, and the user is not fooling the dock with another object.

DF9-16 pressure sensor: https://a.co/d/5HXVw5w



## Subsystem 2 – Miniature Accelerometer

To ensure the user brushes their teeth after picking up the toothbrush, the accelerometer will be used to detect whether the user is making appropriate teeth brushing movements. While it is possible to simply wave the toothbrush without actually brushing your teeth, the main purpose of the device is to wake up the user, and sufficient physical movement will help, regardless of if it is used to brush teeth or not.

The accelerometer will determine the force applied on the brush and how often it switches directions, so it can tell when the user is brushing their teeth

ADXL326BCPZ-RL7: https://www.digikey.com/en/products/detail/analog-devices-inc/ADXL326BCPZ-RL7/2043340


## Subsystem 3 - Alarm

The alarm is connected to the toothbrush dock, and it will stop ringing once the user picks up the toothbrush. However, if the user does not put it back into the dock after 5 minutes, it will restart the ring.

The alarm will be a speaker integrated into the dock, or can be wired into the user’s room to more effectively wake them up.

COM-11089 ROHS speaker: https://www.sparkfun.com/products/11089


## Subsystem 4 – Body Motion Sensor

A possible addition to the project for added complexity. It would detect the appearance of a new individual in the bathroom to further ensure the system works intended.

The motion sensor will be installed around the dock, facing the user to detect if they have entered the bathroom and continued present in the bathroom, ensuring they are not fooling the system.

HC-SR312 AM312 pir motion detector senses passive body infrared to make sure the moving object is a human.

HC-SR312 AM312 pir motion detector: https://a.co/d/3Jodam9


# Criterion For Success

1. Alarm will turn off after the user brushed their teeth for 3 minutes.

2. Toothbrush can detect if it is inside a human’s mouth.

3. Dock can detect if the toothbrush is present in the dock.

4. Dock can track how long the toothbrush is not present.

Instant Nitro Cold Brew Machine

Danis Heto, Mihir Vardhan

Instant Nitro Cold Brew Machine

Featured Project

# Instant Nitro Cold Brew Machine

Team Members:

- Mihir Vardhan (mihirv2)

- Danis Heto (dheto3)

# Problem

Cold brew is made by steeping coffee grounds in cold water for 12-18 hours. This low-temperature steeping extracts fewer bitter compounds than traditional hot brewing, leading to a more balanced and sweeter flavor. While cold brew can be prepared in big batches ahead of time and stored for consumption throughout the week, this would make it impossible for someone to choose the specific coffee beans they desire for that very morning. The proposed machine will be able to brew coffee in cold water in minutes by leveraging air pressure. The machine will also bring the fine-tuning and control of brewing parameters currently seen in hot brewing to cold brewing.

# Solution

The brew will take place in an airtight aluminum chamber with a removable lid. The user can drop a tea-bag like pouch of coffee grounds into the chamber along with cold water. By pulling a vacuum in this chamber, the boiling point of water will reach room temperature and allow the coffee extraction to happen at the same rate as hot brewing, but at room temperature. Next, instead of bringing the chamber pressure back to atmospheric with ambient air, nitrogen can be introduced from an attached tank, allowing the gas to dissolve in the coffee rapidly. The introduction of nitrogen will prevent the coffee from oxidizing, and allow it to remain fresh indefinitely. When the user is ready to dispense, the nitrogen pressure will be raised to 30 PSI and the instant nitro cold brew can now be poured from a spout at the bottom of the chamber.

The coffee bag prevents the coffee grounds from making it into the drink and allows the user to remove and replace it with a bag full of different grounds for the next round of brewing, just like a Keurig for hot coffee.

To keep this project feasible and achievable in one semester, the nitrogenation process is a reach goal that we will only implement if time allows. Since the vacuum and nitrogenation phases are independent, they can both take place through the same port in the brewing chamber. The only hardware change would be an extra solenoid control MOSFET on the PCB.

We have spoken to Gregg in the machine shop and he believes this vacuum chamber design is feasible.

# Solution Components

## Brewing Chamber

A roughly 160mm tall and 170mm wide aluminum chamber with 7mm thick walls. This chamber will contain the brew water and coffee grounds and will reach the user-set vacuum level and nitrogenation pressure if time allows. There will be a manually operated ball valve spout at the bottom of this chamber to dispense the cold brew once it is ready. The fittings for the vacuum hose and pressure sensor will be attached to the screw top lid of this chamber, allowing the chamber to be removed to add the water and coffee grounds. This also allows the chamber to be cleaned thoroughly.

## Temperature and Pressure Sensors

A pressure sensor will be threaded into the lid of the brewing chamber. Monitoring the readings from this pressure sensor will allow us to turn off the vacuum pump once the chamber reaches the user-set vacuum level. A temperature thermocouple will be attached to the side of the brewing chamber. The temperature measured will be displayed on the LCD display. This thermocouple will be attached using removable JST connectors so that the chamber can be removed entirely from the machine for cleaning.

## Vacuum Pump and Solenoid Valve

An oilless vacuum pump will be used to pull the vacuum in the brewing chamber. A solenoid valve will close off the connection to this vacuum pump once the user-set vacuum pressure is reached and the pump is turned off. To stay within the $100 budget for this project, we have been given a 2-Stage 50L/m Oil Free Lab Vacuum Pump on loan for this semester. The pump will connect to the chamber through standard PTFE tubing and push-fit connectors

If time allows and we are able to borrow a nitrogen tank, an additional solenoid and a PTFE Y-connector would allow the nitrogen tank to connect to the vacuum chamber through the same port as the vacuum pump.

## LCD Display and Rotary Encoder

The LCD display allows the user to interact with the temperature and pressure components of the brewing chamber. This display will be controlled using a rotary encoder with a push button. The menu style interface will allow you to control the vacuum level and brew time in the chamber, along with the nitrogenation pressure if time allows. The display will also monitor the temperature of the chamber and display it along with the time remaining and the current vacuum level.

# Criterion For Success

- A successful cold brew machine would be able to make cold brew coffee at or below room temperature in ten minutes at most.

- The machine must also allow the user to manually control the brew time and vacuum level as well as display the brew temperature.

- The machine must detect and report faults. If it is unable to reach the desired vacuum pressure or is inexplicably losing pressure, the machine must enter a safe ‘stop state’ and display a human readable error code.

- The reach goal for this project, not a criterion for success, would be the successful nitrogenation of the cold brew.

Project Videos