Project
| # | Title | Team Members | TA | Documents | Sponsor |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 69 | Shamir Secret Self-Destruct USB |
Alex Clemens Danny Metzger Varun Sivasubramanian |
Michael Gamota | design_document1.pdf final_paper1.pdf grading_sheet1.pdf presentation1.pdf proposal1.pdf |
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| # Team Members - Varun Sivasubramanian (vsiva4) - Alex Clemens (clemens9) - Danny Metzger (djm14) # Problem Traditional USB flash drives pose a security risk if lost or stolen, especially for highly sensitive data such as cryptographic keys, classified documents, or personal information. Even if encrypted, existing encrypted USBs rely on software-based security, which is vulnerable to forensic recovery or brute-force attacks. Some physical destruction, like crushing or snapping, may still leave recoverable data on the drive. Furthermore, USB devices often do not enforce security via the device itself. # Solution A custom USB flash drive with built-in cryptographic security and hardware self-destruction, ensuring that sensitive data cannot be recovered under any circumstances. The system will: - Encrypt and split the drive's decryption key using Shamir’s Secret Sharing across multiple physical hardware keys. Require a threshold number of shares (⅔) to reconstruct the key and decrypt the data. - Trigger a hardware-based self-destruct mechanism under various circumstances. - Ensure complete destruction by physically rendering the flash memory unreadable. # Solution Components ## Subsystem 1: Shamir Secret & YubiKey Authentication Purpose: Ensures multi-factor authentication and prevents software access by restricting key reconstruction to hardware. Components: - Microcontroller: ESP32, STM32 or similar. Should handle reading YubiKeys and managing key reconstruction along with triggering destruction. - Secure Element: AES-256 Encryption capable. Handles all cryptographic operations and is tamperproof. - 3 USB-C YubiKeys: Hold each share of the Shamir Secret in a ⅔ authentication. Upon first connection, the user is able to set up Shamir Secrets by plugging in all YubiKeys and initiating the MCU and SE to create the shares. ## Subsystem 2: Storage System Purpose: The flash drive should still have traditional storage and functionality. Conceals encrypted portion unless Shamir is reconstructed. With partitioning, an unencrypted partition should also be allowed. Components: - Flash NAND storage: Any small size (8-16GB) is good. Should support basic partitioning. - USB Mass Storage Controller: Facilitates communication with the computer. - External USB-C ports: Allow YubiKeys to be connected to the PCB - USB-A or USB-C interface: Plugs into the computer. The encryption of the storage will be done by the secure element. ## Subsystem 3: Hardware Self-Destruction Purpose: Ensures that if there is a potential attacker, the storage is permanently destroyed. The exact method of self-destruction is contingent on circuit design, but a voltage overload is most feasible. Components: - Boost Converter: Steps voltage to create destruction. - MOSFET: Switches from normal functioning to destruction voltage. - 2 LiPo or CR2032 batteries: Allows destruction to take place even when unplugged. - Tamper detection circuit: A circuit that detects when two pins are no longer in contact i.e. when the casing has been opened up. Trigger Mechanisms: There are multiple triggers that lead to frying the NAND. Multiple YubiKey fail attempts, opening the physical casing, or attempting to access the Secure Element should trigger the self-destruction. The MOSFET should direct high voltage directly to the NAND, irreversibly damaging memory. # Criterion for Success 1. Shamir Secret: The Shamir key can only be reconstructed via firmware on the physical drive, not on a computer. 2. Irreversible: Destruction of the NAND is irreversible. Data should not be recoverable. 3. Tamper-Resistant: Removing casing or tampering with the SE should lead to destruction. |
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