Project

# Title Team Members TA Documents Sponsor
49 Automated Smoothie Machine
Anay Koorapaty
Avyay Koorapaty
Max Gendeh
Jason Zhang proposal1.pdf
# Automated Smoothie Machine

Team Members:
- Anay Koorapaty (anayk3)
- Avyay Koorapaty (avyayk2)
- Max Gendeh (mgendeh2)

# Problem

Making smoothies often requires measuring different ingredients with different measurement utilities. Liquid ingredients must be measured in mL, while solid ingredients are usually in units of cups or tablespoons. We will automate the measuring and dispensing process. This will enable creating smoothies with different recipes efficiently. Our system will be able to make smoothies by following preset smoothie recipes or recipes the user creates.

# Solution

Our solution will be a compartment mounted to hang just above the top of a blender. It will consist of a circle of ingredient compartments attached to a funnel. Each compartment will have a structure including two motors, a dispenser, a force sensor, a jug, and some strings. This is the Ingredient Compartments subsystem. Complementing this physical structure, we will have software to control the motors incorporating the force sensor measurements. This is the Recipe Execution subsystem. To be able to create different kinds of smoothies, there will be a UI for inputting recipes and selecting preset recipes. This is the Recipe UI subsystem. These three subsystems will work together to automatically dispense the appropriate amounts of ingredients into the blender for different recipes, increasing efficiency in creating smoothies.



# Solution Components

## Ingredient Compartments

This subsystem has eight compartments, each one for an ingredient. Five can be set ingredients, and three the choice of the user. Each compartment will contain a vertically mounted force sensor with a hook, a jug suspended from that hook by a string that attaches at two points to the jug, a dispenser, and two motors. We will probably use cereal dispensers for solid ingredients and liquid dispensers for ingredients such as water or milk. A motor will turn the dispenser handle, dropping the ingredient into the jug. The force sensor will measure the weight of the jug and ingredients in the jug. When the weight is the required amount for the recipe, a second motor will pull a string attached to the bottom of the jug, overturning the jug and its contents into the funnel through to the blender. The structure will have pillars to the table, to support the bottom of the funnel hanging just above the top of the blender. There will be a small air gap between the bottom of the funnel and the top of the blender, to facilitate removing and placing the lid of the blender. The motors we plan to use are Adafruit Accessories DC Gearbox Motor - TT Motor - 200RPM - 3 to 6VDC.

## Recipe Execution

The instructions for the selected recipe, consisting of a compartment number and quantity amount will be read from memory. For each instruction, the motor corresponding to the correct compartment will empty the ingredients into a jug that is pulling down on a force sensor. Once the weight is the desired amount, another motor overturns the jug to empty the ingredients into the funnel which feeds into the blender. All ingredient quantities will be standardized to grams for ease of interfacing with the weight sensor. When a user selects ingredient amounts for their own recipe, it will be displayed on the LCD display converted to cups or tablespoons, common measurement units for smoothie recipes, while being stored in memory in grams. This will be the software aspect of the project interfacing with the force sensor to find weight, checking if value read from memory matches, and overturning the jug to empty ingredients into the container.


## Recipe UI

We plan to have 4 buttons that control the entirety of the recipe UI. These buttons feed directly into an ESP32 microcontroller. For pre-set recipes, the user can press button 3, select which recipe using buttons 1 and 2 to select between recipes, and press button 3 again to confirm. An LCD will display the recipe name the user is currently looking at. To create a custom recipe, press button 4. Adjust ingredient quantities (in grams) using buttons 1 and 2, press button 3 to switch ingredients, and press button 4 again to save and finalize the recipe. Users may press and hold buttons 1 and 2 for faster quantity changes. We are considering using a potentiometer to adjust ingredient quantities but will explore both options to see which we like better. The LCD shows the selected quantity in grams and its equivalent in common units (e.g., tbsp for honey, cups for milk). The button we plan to use is a tactile switch (part number PTS645SL43SMTR92 LFS) and the LCD will be a 16x2 will be best (can’t find part number).

# Criterion For Success

The machine should be able to:

Accurately measure ingredient amounts

Transfer the correct ingredient amount from the dispenser, into the jug, then into the funnel through to the blender

User blends the smoothie ingredients

Allows user to input recipes or select preset recipes

Electronic Mouse (Cat Toy)

Jack Casey, Chuangy Zhang, Yingyu Zhang

Electronic Mouse (Cat Toy)

Featured Project

# Electronic Mouse (Cat Toy)

# Team Members:

- Yingyu Zhang (yzhan290)

- Chuangy Zhang (czhan30)

- Jack (John) Casey (jpcasey2)

# Problem Components:

Keeping up with the high energy drive of some cats can often be overwhelming for owners who often choose these pets because of their low maintenance compared to other animals. There is an increasing number of cats being used for service and emotional support animals, and with this, there is a need for an interactive cat toy with greater accessibility.

1. Get cats the enrichment they need

1. Get cats to chase the “mouse” around

1. Get cats fascinated by the “mouse”

1. Keep cats busy

1. Fulfill the need for cats’ hunting behaviors

1. Interactive fun between the cat and cat owner

1. Solve the shortcomings of electronic-remote-control-mouses that are out in the market

## Comparison with existing products

- Hexbug Mouse Robotic Cat Toy: Battery endurance is very low; For hard floors only

- GiGwi Interactive Cat Toy Mouse: Does not work on the carpet; Not sensitive to cat touch; Battery endurance is very low; Can't control remotely

# Solution

A remote-controlled cat toy is a solution that allows more cat owners to get interactive playtime with their pets. With our design, there will be no need to get low to the ground to adjust it often as it will go over most floor surfaces and in any direction with help from a strong motor and servos that won’t break from wall or cat impact. To prevent damage to household objects it will have IR sensors and accelerometers for use in self-driving modes. The toy will be run and powered by a Bluetooth microcontroller and a strong rechargeable battery to ensure playtime for hours.

## Subsystem 1 - Infrared(IR) Sensors & Accelerometer sensor

- IR sensors work with radar technology and they both emit and receive Infrared radiation. This kind of sensor has been used widely to detect nearby objects. We will use the IR sensors to detect if the mouse is surrounded by any obstacles.

- An accelerometer sensor measures the acceleration of any object in its rest frame. This kind of sensor has been used widely to capture the intensity of physical activities. We will use this sensor to detect if cats are playing with the mouse.

## Subsystem 2 - Microcontroller(ESP32)

- ESP32 is a dual-core microcontroller with integrated Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. This MCU has 520 KB of SRAM, 34 programmable GPIOs, 802.11 Wi-Fi, Bluetooth v4.2, and much more. This powerful microcontroller enables us to develop more powerful software and hardware and provides a lot of flexibility compared to ATMegaxxx.

Components(TBD):

- Product: [https://www.digikey.com/en/products/detail/espressif-systems/ESP32-WROOM-32/8544298](url)

- Datasheet: [http://esp32.net](url)

## Subsystem 3 - App

- We will develop an App that can remotely control the mouse.

1. Control the mouse to either move forward, backward, left, or right.

1. Turn on / off / flashing the LED eyes of the mouse

1. keep the cat owner informed about the battery level of the mouse

1. Change “modes”: (a). keep running randomly without stopping; (b). the cat activates the mouse; (c). runs in cycles(runs, stops, runs, stops…) intermittently (mouse hesitates to get cat’s curiosity up); (d). Turn OFF (completely)

## Subsystem 4 - Motors and Servo

- To enable maneuverability in all directions, we are planning to use 1 servo and 2 motors to drive the robotic mouse. The servo is used to control the direction of the mouse. Wheels will be directly mounted onto motors via hubs.

Components(TBD):

- Metal Gear Motors: [https://www.adafruit.com/product/3802](url)

- L9110H H-Bridge Motor Driver: [https://www.adafruit.com/product/4489](url)

## Subsystem 5 - Power Management

- We are planning to use a high capacity (5 Ah - 10 Ah), 3.7 volts lithium polymer battery to enable the long-last usage of the robotic mouse. Also, we are using the USB lithium polymer ion charging circuit to charge the battery.

Components(TBD):

- Lithium Polymer Ion Battery: [https://www.adafruit.com/product/5035](url)

- USB Lithium Polymer Ion Charger: [https://www.adafruit.com/product/259](url)

# Criterion for Success

1. Can go on tile, wood, AND carpet and alternate

1. Has a charge that lasts more than 10 min

1. Is maneuverable in all directions(not just forward and backward)

1. Can be controlled via remote (App)

1. Has a “cat-attractor”(feathers, string, ribbon, inner catnip, etc.) either attached to it or drags it behind (attractive appearance for cats)

1. Retains signal for at least 15 ft away

1. Eyes flash

1. Goes dormant when caught/touched by the cats (or when it bumps into something), reactivates (and changes direction) after a certain amount of time

1. all the “modes” worked as intended

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